Cardiol Res

Cardiology Research, ISSN 1923-2829 print, 1923-2837 online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, Cardiol Res and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website https://www.cardiologyres.org

Original Article

Volume 1, Number 1, December 2010, pages 1-7

ACE I/D Polymorphism in Hypertensive Patients of Kashmiri Population

Figure

Figure 1. Representative gel picture of ACE DI polymorphism by differential amplification of intron 16 of the ACE gene. Lane M: 50bp ladder; Lanes 1, 2, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16 and 19 show DI form; Lanes 4, 8, 15, 17, 18 and 12 show DD form; Lane 3 shows II form.

Tables

**Table 1.** Primers for ACE gene Polymorphism
Target Codon	Sequence	Amplicon (bp)	T_m (°C)
ACE	F 5’-CTGGAGACCACTCCCATCCTTTCT -3’ R 5’- GATGTGGCCATCACATTCGTCAGAT -3’	490bp for II 190bp for DD	58
ACE I	F5-TGGGACCACAGCGCCCGCCACTAC -3’ R5- TCGCCAGCCCTCCCATGCCCATAA-3’	335bp	67

**Table 2.** Frequency Distribution Analysis of Selected Demographic and Risk Factors in Hypertensive Cases and Controls
Variable	Cases (n = 52)	Controls (n = 150)	P Value*
*Two tailed fisher test
Age group
< 50	25	77	0.74
≥ 50	27	73
Gender
Female	14	50	0.48
Male	38	100
Dwelling
Rural	30	78	0.52
Urban	22	72
Smoking status
Never	30	92	0.74
Ever	22	58

**Table 3.** Genotype Frequencies of ACE Intron 16 Gene Polymorphism in Cases and Controls
ACEs Genotype	Cases (n = 52)	Controls (n = 150)	P Value
DD	24 (46.15 %)	80 (53.33%)
DI	16 (30.77%)	49 (32.77%)	0.245367
II	12 (23.07%)	21 (14.00%)

**Table 4.** Genotype Frequencies of ACE Intron 16 Gene Polymorphism in Cases and Controls
ACEs Genotype	Cases (n = 52)	Controls (n = 150)	OR (95% CI )
DD	24 (46.15 %)	80 (53.33%)	Ref (1)
DI	16 (30.77%)	49 (32.77%)	1.08 (0.52 - 2.24)
II	12 (23.07%)	21 (14.00%)	1.90 (0.81 - 4.42)
DI+II	28 (53.84%)	69 (46.77%)	1.35 (0.71 - 2.54)

**Table 5.** Relationship of ACE I/D Polymorphism and AVC Status
ACE Genotype	AVC Status
ACE Genotype	Mild (n = 9)	Moderate (n = 27)	Severe (n = 16)
DD (n = 24)	4	17	3
DI (n = 16)	3	8	5
II (n = 12)	2	2	8
DI + II (n = 28)	5	10	13

**Table 6.** Correlation of ACE I/D Polymorphism and AVC Status
ACE Genotype	AVC Status
ACE Genotype	Mild (n = 9)	Moderate/Severe (n = 43)	OR (95% CI)
DD (n = 24)	4	20	Ref = 1
DI (n = 16)	3	13	1.15 (0.22 - 6.02)
II (n = 12)	2	10	1.0 (0.16 - 6.42)
DI + II (n = 28)	5	23	1.08 (0.26 - 4.6)