Cardiology Research, ISSN 1923-2829 print, 1923-2837 online, Open Access
Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, Cardiol Res and Elmer Press Inc
Journal website http://www.cardiologyres.org

Original Article

Volume 11, Number 4, August 2020, pages 226-232

Efficacy of Allopurinol in Cardiovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1. Summary of the methodological quality of the included studies showing minimal risk of bias (red).
Figure 2.
Figure 2. Detailed methodological quality assessment of the included studies showing minimal risk of bias (red).
Figure 3.
Figure 3. PRISMA flow diagram of the included studies. PRISMA: preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses.
Figure 4.
Figure 4. Forest plot of CABG patients showing significantly lower odds of periprocedural myocardial infarction in the allopurinol group compared to the control group. CABG: coronary artery bypass graft.
Figure 5.
Figure 5. Forest plot showing lower CABG related mortality and an identical odds of cardiovascular mortality in the allopurinol group compared to the control group in patients with heart failure, CKD and after PCI. CABG: coronary artery bypass graft; CKD: chronic kidney disease; PCI: percutaneous coronary intervention; 95% CI: 95% confidence interval.
Figure 6.
Figure 6. Funnel plot showing a possibility of publication bias or findings merely by chance.

Table

Table 1. Characteristics of the Included Studies
 
Study IDAuthorCountryDesignTotalAllopurinolPlacebo/controlDosePopulationMean ageMenHTNDMFollow-up (months)
RCT: randomized controlled trial; CABG: coronary artery bypass graft; CKD: chronic kidney disease; ACS: acute cardiovascular syndrome; HTN: hypertension; DM: diabetes mellitus.
1Castelli et al, 1995 [15]ItalyRCT331815200 mgPost-CABG6194%---
2Gimpel et al, 1995 [14]NetherlandsRCT22814200 mgPost-CABG5977%--10 days post-CABG
3Rashid et al, 1991 [10]SwedenRCT904545300 mgPost-CABG6276%---
4Taggart et al, 1994 [12]UKRCT201010300 mgPost-CABG66100%--72 h post-CABG
5Coghlan et al, 1994 [13]UKRCT502525300 mgPost-CABG5884%-14%During CABG only
6Givertz et al, 2015 [11]USARCT253128125600 mg, 300 mg in CKDHeart failure and uric acid > 9.56382%78%69%12 and 24 week
7Goicoechea et al, 2015 [8]RCT1135756100 mgCKD and hyperuricemia72--38%23 ± 8 months
8Johnson et al, 1991 [6]RCT1698980300 mgPost-CABG6084%-10%30 days
9Huang et al, 2017 [9]ChinaRCT1005050600 mg daily × 2 weeks, then 200 mg dailyACS5660%--Every week for 2 years