Cardiol Res

Cardiology Research, ISSN 1923-2829 print, 1923-2837 online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, Cardiol Res and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website https://www.cardiologyres.org

Short Communication

Volume 2, Number 6, December 2011, pages 293-297

Incidence and Prognosis of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients With Sepsis

**Table 1.** Comparative and Descriptive Analysis of ICU Patients With Sepsis
	Total N = 1466	1	2	3	4	Overall P-value	Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval)
The table above includes p-values for the overall comparison of any difference between the four groups. When the overall comparison is statistically significant, the odds ratios or mean comparisons are given (depending on the variable type).
For the binary variables (yes/no, male/female, white/non-white, death/no death), Odds Ratios and the 95% Confidence Interval are given with group 4 (Neither) as the reference group. An odds ratio of 1.0 indicates no difference between the group being evaluated and the reference group. Therefore, if the 95% confidence interval includes one, there is no difference between the two groups.
Interpretation example: There is a significant difference in mortality between the four groups. Group 1 is 5.7 times more likely to die if they are in the Sepsis and Afib group compared to the Neither group.
For age, the continuous variable, multiple comparisons of the mean age between the four groups was done with a Bonferroni correction. There was a significant difference between all groups except 1 versus 3.
Mortality	628 (43%)	95 (72%)	189 (57%)	94 (48%)	250 (31%)	< 0.0001	5.7 (3.8, 8.6)	2.9 (2.2, 3.8)	2.0 (1.5, 2.8)
Age (years)	63 ± 17	72 ± 13	62 ± 16	76 ± 11	59 ± 17	< 0.0001^*
Gender
Female	700 (48%)	54 (41%)	149 (45%)	81 (41%)	416 (52%)
Male	766 (52%)	78 (59%)	184 (55%)	115 (59%)	389 (48%)	0.0079	1.5 (1.1, 2.2)	1.3 (1.02, 1.7)	1.5 (1.1, 2.1)
Race
Black	384 (26%)	22 (17%)	87 (26%)	36 (18%)	239 (30%)
Am. Indian	3 (0.2%)	1 (0.8%)	2 (0.6%)	0 (0%)	0 (0%)
Asian	3 (0.2%)	1 (0.8%)	1 (0.3%)	0 (0%)	1 (0.1%)
Other	2 (0.1%)	0 (0%)	0 (0%)	1 (0.5%)	1 (0.1%)
Hispanic	22 (1.5%)	0 (0%)	7 (2%)	0 (0%)	15 (1.9%)
Unknown	18 (1.2%)	2 (1.5%)	5 (1.5%)	1 (0.5%0	10 (1.2%)
White	1034 (71%)	106 (80%)	231 (69%)	158 (81%)	539 (67%)
Race2
White	1034 (71%)	106 (80%)	231 (69%)	158 (81%)	539 (67%)	0.0001	2.0 (1.3, 3.2)	1.1 (0.8, 1.5)	2.0 (1.4, 3.0)
Non-White	432 (29%)	26 (20%)	102 (31%)	3 (19%)	266 (33%)
Underlying Diseases
CAD	351 (24%)	53 (40%)	64 (19%)	73 (37%)	161 (20%)	< 0.0001	2.7 (1.8, 4.0)	0.95 (0.7, 1.3)	2.4 (1.7, 3.3)
COPD	476 (32%)	52 (39%)	96 (29%)	69 (35%)	259 (32%)	0.1328
Diabetes	513 (35%)	54 (41%)	111 (33%)	73 (37%)	275 (34%)	0.3741

Table 1. Comparative and Descriptive Analysis of ICU Patients With Sepsis

Total N = 1466

Overall P-value

Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval)

Sepsis and Afib 132 (9%)

Sepsis only, no Afib 333 (23%)

Afib only, no Sepsis 196 (13%)

Neither 805 (55%)

1 versus 4

2 versus 4

3 versus 4

The table above includes p-values for the overall comparison of any difference between the four groups. When the overall comparison is statistically significant, the odds ratios or mean comparisons are given (depending on the variable type).

For the binary variables (yes/no, male/female, white/non-white, death/no death), Odds Ratios and the 95% Confidence Interval are given with group 4 (Neither) as the reference group. An odds ratio of 1.0 indicates no difference between the group being evaluated and the reference group. Therefore, if the 95% confidence interval includes one, there is no difference between the two groups.

Interpretation example: There is a significant difference in mortality between the four groups. Group 1 is 5.7 times more likely to die if they are in the Sepsis and Afib group compared to the Neither group.

For age, the continuous variable, multiple comparisons of the mean age between the four groups was done with a Bonferroni correction. There was a significant difference between all groups except 1 versus 3.

Mortality

628 (43%)

95 (72%)

189 (57%)

94 (48%)

250 (31%)

< 0.0001

5.7 (3.8, 8.6)

2.9 (2.2, 3.8)

2.0 (1.5, 2.8)

Age (years)

63 ± 17

72 ± 13

62 ± 16

76 ± 11

59 ± 17

< 0.0001^*

Gender

Female

700 (48%)

54 (41%)

149 (45%)

81 (41%)

416 (52%)

Male

766 (52%)

78 (59%)

184 (55%)

115 (59%)

389 (48%)

0.0079

1.5 (1.1, 2.2)

1.3 (1.02, 1.7)

1.5 (1.1, 2.1)

Race

Black

384 (26%)

22 (17%)

87 (26%)

36 (18%)

239 (30%)

Am. Indian

3 (0.2%)

1 (0.8%)

2 (0.6%)

0 (0%)

Asian

3 (0.2%)

1 (0.8%)

1 (0.3%)

0 (0%)

1 (0.1%)

Other

2 (0.1%)

0 (0%)

1 (0.5%)

1 (0.1%)

Hispanic

22 (1.5%)

0 (0%)

7 (2%)

0 (0%)

15 (1.9%)

Unknown

18 (1.2%)

2 (1.5%)

5 (1.5%)

1 (0.5%0

10 (1.2%)

White

1034 (71%)

106 (80%)

231 (69%)

158 (81%)

539 (67%)

Race2

White

1034 (71%)

106 (80%)

231 (69%)

158 (81%)

539 (67%)

0.0001

2.0 (1.3, 3.2)

1.1 (0.8, 1.5)

2.0 (1.4, 3.0)

Non-White

432 (29%)

26 (20%)

102 (31%)

3 (19%)

266 (33%)

Underlying Diseases

CAD

351 (24%)

53 (40%)

64 (19%)

73 (37%)

161 (20%)

< 0.0001

2.7 (1.8, 4.0)

0.95 (0.7, 1.3)

2.4 (1.7, 3.3)

COPD

476 (32%)

52 (39%)

96 (29%)

69 (35%)

259 (32%)

0.1328

Diabetes

513 (35%)

54 (41%)

111 (33%)

73 (37%)

275 (34%)

0.3741

**Table 2.** Comparative and Descriptive Analysis of ICU Patients With Sepsis and Death (Descriptives for Deaths Only)
	Total N = 628	1	2	3	4	Overall P-value	Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval)
The table above includes p-values for the overall comparison of any difference between the four groups. When the overall comparison is statistically significant, the odds ratios or mean comparisons are given (depending on the variable type).
For the binary variable-CAD, Odds Ratios and the 95% Confidence Interval are given with group 4 (Neither) as the reference group. An odds ratio of 1.0 indicates no difference between the group being evaluated and the reference group. Therefore, if the 95% confidence interval includes one, there is no difference between the two groups.
For age, the continuous variable, multiple comparisons of the mean age between the four groups was done with a Bonferroni correction. There was a significant difference between all groups except 1 versus 3.
Age (years)	68 ± 15	73 ± 13	65 ± 15	78 ± 10	66 ± 14	< 0.0001
Gender
Female	278 (44%)	36 (38%)	83 (44%)	43 (46%)	116 (46%)
Male	350 (56%)	59 (62%)	106 (56%)	51 (54%)	134 (54%)	0.5504
Race
Black	158 (25%)	19 (20%)	51 (27%)	19 (20%)	69 (28%)
Am. Indian	3 (0.5%)	1 (1%)	2 (1%)	0 (0%)	0 (0%)
Asian	2 (0.3%)	1 (1%)	0 (0%)	0 (0%)	1 (0.4%)
Other	1 (0.16%)	0 (0%)	0 (0%)	0 (0%)	1 (0.4%)
Hispanic	6 (1.0%)	0 (0%)	2 (1%)	0 (0%)	4 (1.6%)
Unknown	9 (1.4%)	1 (1%)	3 (1.6%)	1 (1%)	4 (1.6%)
White	449 (72%)	73 (77%)	131 (69%)	74 (79%)	171 (68%)
Race2
White	449 (72%)	73 (77%)	131 (69%)	74 (79%)	171 (68%)	0.1473
Non-White	179 (28%)	22 (23%)	58 (31%)	20 (21%)	79 (32%)
Underlying Diseases
CAD	453 (72%)	41 (43%)	41 (22%)	38 (40%)	55 (22%)	< 0.0001	2.7 (1.6, 4.4)	0.98 (0.6, 1.5)	2.4 (1.4, 4.0)
COPD	211 (34%)	35 (37%)	57 (30%)	34 (36%)	85 (34%)	0.6265
Diabetes	224 (36%)	41 (43%)	61 (32%)	36 (38%)	86 (34%)	0.2922

Table 2. Comparative and Descriptive Analysis of ICU Patients With Sepsis and Death (Descriptives for Deaths Only)

Total N = 628

Overall P-value

Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval)

Sepsis and Afib, N = 95

Sepsis only, no Afib, N = 189

Afib only, no Sepsis, N = 94

Neither
N = 250

1 versus 4

2 versus 4

3 versus 4

For the binary variable-CAD, Odds Ratios and the 95% Confidence Interval are given with group 4 (Neither) as the reference group. An odds ratio of 1.0 indicates no difference between the group being evaluated and the reference group. Therefore, if the 95% confidence interval includes one, there is no difference between the two groups.

Age (years)

68 ± 15

73 ± 13

65 ± 15

78 ± 10

66 ± 14

< 0.0001

Gender

Female

278 (44%)

36 (38%)

83 (44%)

43 (46%)

116 (46%)

Male

350 (56%)

59 (62%)

106 (56%)

51 (54%)

134 (54%)

0.5504

Race

Black

158 (25%)

19 (20%)

51 (27%)

19 (20%)

69 (28%)

Am. Indian

3 (0.5%)

1 (1%)

2 (1%)

0 (0%)

Asian

2 (0.3%)

1 (1%)

0 (0%)

1 (0.4%)

Other

1 (0.16%)

0 (0%)

1 (0.4%)

Hispanic

6 (1.0%)

0 (0%)

2 (1%)

0 (0%)

4 (1.6%)

Unknown

9 (1.4%)

1 (1%)

3 (1.6%)

1 (1%)

4 (1.6%)

White

449 (72%)

73 (77%)

131 (69%)

74 (79%)

171 (68%)

Race2

White

449 (72%)

73 (77%)

131 (69%)

74 (79%)

171 (68%)

0.1473

Non-White

179 (28%)

22 (23%)

58 (31%)

20 (21%)

79 (32%)

Underlying Diseases

CAD

453 (72%)

41 (43%)

41 (22%)

38 (40%)

55 (22%)

< 0.0001

2.7 (1.6, 4.4)

0.98 (0.6, 1.5)

2.4 (1.4, 4.0)

COPD

211 (34%)

35 (37%)

57 (30%)

34 (36%)

85 (34%)

0.6265

Diabetes

224 (36%)

41 (43%)

61 (32%)

36 (38%)

86 (34%)

0.2922