Figure 1. Potential risks for severe COVID-19 in obesity before SARS-CoV-2 infection (a) and the mechanisms for adiposity-mediated exacerbation of COVID-19 (b). COVID-19: coronavirus disease 2019; SARS-CoV-2: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; ACE: angiotensin-converting enzyme; DPP4: dipeptidyl peptidase 4; FFA: free fatty acids; IL: interleukin; LPL: lipoprotein lipase; PAI-1: plasminogen activator inhibitor-1; TGRL: triglyceride-rich lipoprotein; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-alpha; VWF: von Willebrand factor.