Cardiol Res

Cardiology Research, ISSN 1923-2829 print, 1923-2837 online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, Cardiol Res and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website http://www.cardiologyres.org

Original Article

Volume 11, Number 5, October 2020, pages 286-293

Blood Plasma Resistin and Atrial Fibrillation in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease

Figure 1. Boxplot graph for the levels of resistin in the blood plasma of patients with and without permanent atrial fibrillation.

Figure 2. Boxplot graph for the levels of resistin in the blood plasma of patients with and without permanent atrial fibrillation depending to diabetes mellitus.

Figure 3. Association of resistin with body mass index (BMI) with 95% confidence interval (CI) (β = 0.001, 95% CI: -0.06 to 0.05, P = 0.78).

Figure 4. Association of resistin with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) with 95% confidence interval (CI) (β = -0.01, 95% CI: -0.04 to 0.01, P = 0.37).

**Table 1.** Demographic Characteristics and Blood Plasma Resistin Levels in Two Groups
Variables	NonAF (n = 118)	AF (n = 28)	P value
NonAF group: patients without permanent atrial fibrillation. AF group: patients with permanent atrial fibrillation. IQR: interquartile range; n: number; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction. *P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Age, years, median (IQR)	69 (62 - 76)	69.5 (58 - 74.5)	0.62
Gender, female, n (%)	27 (22.9)	9 (32.1)	0.30
Body mass index, kg/m², median (IQR)	28.1 (26.1 - 31.6)	28 (23.2 - 29.6)	0.27
Hypertension, n (%)	78 (66.1)	17 (60.7)	0.71
Smoking, n (%)	85 (72)	16 (57)	0.17
Hypercholesterolemia, n (%)	72 (61)	14 (50)	0.35
Diabetes mellitus, n (%)			0.10
Type I	1 (0.8)	2 (7.1)
Type II	40 (33.9)	8 (28.6)
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, n (%)	27 (22.9)	5 (17.8)	0.62
Coronary artery disease, n (%)	80 (67.8)	9 (32.1)	< 0.01*
Previous acute coronary syndrome (> 90 days), n (%)	34 (28.8)	2 (7.1)	0.03*
Mitral valve disease, n (%)			< 0.01*
Regurgitation	20 (17)	11 (39.2)
Stenosis	7 (5.9)	2 (7.1)
Mixed mitral valve disease	0 (0)	5 (17.8)
Aortic valve disease, n (%)			0.05
Stenosis	37 (31.3)	11 (39.3)
Regurgitation	6 (5)	5 (17.8)
Left atrium diameter, mm (IQR)	42 (38.8 - 46)	51 (44 - 55)	< 0.001*
LVEF, %, median (IQR)	55 (45 - 60)	55 (42.5 - 60.0)	0.25
Creatinine, mg/dL, median (IQR)	1.0 (0.8 - 1.1)	1.0 (0.8 - 1.3)	0.16
Resistin, ng/mL, median (IQR)	5.83 (4.96 - 7.13)	6.90 (5.85 - 8.33)	0.03*

Table 1. Demographic Characteristics and Blood Plasma Resistin Levels in Two Groups

Variables

NonAF (n = 118)

AF (n = 28)

P value

NonAF group: patients without permanent atrial fibrillation. AF group: patients with permanent atrial fibrillation. IQR: interquartile range; n: number; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction. *P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Age, years, median (IQR)

69 (62 - 76)

69.5 (58 - 74.5)

0.62

Gender, female, n (%)

27 (22.9)

9 (32.1)

0.30

Body mass index, kg/m², median (IQR)

28.1 (26.1 - 31.6)

28 (23.2 - 29.6)

0.27

Hypertension, n (%)

78 (66.1)

17 (60.7)

0.71

Smoking, n (%)

85 (72)

16 (57)

0.17

Hypercholesterolemia, n (%)

72 (61)

14 (50)

0.35

Diabetes mellitus, n (%)

0.10

Type I

1 (0.8)

2 (7.1)

Type II

40 (33.9)

8 (28.6)

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, n (%)

27 (22.9)

5 (17.8)

0.62

Coronary artery disease, n (%)

80 (67.8)

9 (32.1)

< 0.01*

Previous acute coronary syndrome (> 90 days), n (%)

34 (28.8)

2 (7.1)

0.03*

Mitral valve disease, n (%)

< 0.01*

Regurgitation

20 (17)

11 (39.2)

Stenosis

7 (5.9)

2 (7.1)

Mixed mitral valve disease

0 (0)

5 (17.8)

Aortic valve disease, n (%)

0.05

Stenosis

37 (31.3)

11 (39.3)

Regurgitation

6 (5)

5 (17.8)

Left atrium diameter, mm (IQR)

42 (38.8 - 46)

51 (44 - 55)

< 0.001*

LVEF, %, median (IQR)

55 (45 - 60)

55 (42.5 - 60.0)

0.25

Creatinine, mg/dL, median (IQR)

1.0 (0.8 - 1.1)

1.0 (0.8 - 1.3)

0.16

Resistin, ng/mL, median (IQR)

5.83 (4.96 - 7.13)

6.90 (5.85 - 8.33)

0.03*

**Table 2.** Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis of Resistin With Permanent Atrial Fibrillation
Variables	P value	β	95% Confidence interval
β: linear regression coefficient. *P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Age	0.13	0.02	-0.008	0.06
Hypertension	0.52	0.21	-0.45	0.88
Aortic valve disease	0.93	0.03	-0.77	0.83
Mitral valve disease	0.69	0.14	-0.58	0.87
Atrial fibrillation	0.03*	0.99	0.16	1.81
Plasma creatinine	< 0.001*	0.68	0.38	0.98
Left ventricular ejection fraction	0.73	-0.005	-0.03	0.02
Gender	0.96	0.02	-0.72	0.76
Coronary artery disease	0.56	-0.22	-0.99	0.54

Table 2. Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis of Resistin With Permanent Atrial Fibrillation

Variables

P value

95% Confidence interval

Lower

Upper

β: linear regression coefficient. *P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Age

0.13

0.02

-0.008

0.06

Hypertension

0.52

0.21

-0.45

0.88

Aortic valve disease

0.93

0.03

-0.77

0.83

Mitral valve disease

0.69

0.14

-0.58

0.87

Atrial fibrillation

0.03*

0.99

0.16

1.81

Plasma creatinine

< 0.001*

0.68

0.38

0.98

Left ventricular ejection fraction

0.73

-0.005

-0.03

0.02

Gender

0.96

0.02

-0.72

0.76

Coronary artery disease

0.56

-0.22

-0.99

0.54