Cardiol Res

Cardiology Research, ISSN 1923-2829 print, 1923-2837 online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, Cardiol Res and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website https://www.cardiologyres.org

Original Article

Volume 13, Number 1, February 2022, pages 44-49

Effect of Sex on Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio and Coronary Flow in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Figure 1. The incidence of impaired coronary blood flow among the studied males and females. Green bars: good TIMI 3 flow. Red bars: impaired flow below TIMI 3. TIMI: thrombolysis in myocardial infarction.

Figure 2. Box plot representing neutrophil to lymphocyte (N/L) ratio values in the studied males and females. The solid horizontal line in the box represents the median, while the dotted one represents the mean.

Figure 3. Box plot representing the neutrophil to lymphocyte (N/L) ratio values among the studied males and females with impaired coronary blood flow (TIMI < 3). The solid horizontal line in the box represents the median, while the dotted one represents the mean. TIMI: thrombolysis in myocardial infarction.

**Table 1.** Clinical Characteristics and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in the Studied Groups
Parameter	Males	Females	P value
^aMann-Whitney U-test. ^bChi-square test. ^cFisher’s exact test. NIDDM: non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; IDDM: insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; SD: standard deviation.
Number (n)	88	32	-
Age, median ± SD (years)^a	57.5 ± 10.4	62 ± 8.12	0.005
History of hypertension (n, %)^b	34 (38.6%)	21 (65.6%)	0.001
NIDDM (n, %)^b	22 (25%)	16 (50%)	0.01
IDDM (n, %)^c	4 (4.5%)	7 (21.8%)	0.008
Smoking (n, %)^c	61 (69.3%)	0 (0%)	< 0.001
Dyslipidemia on admission (n, %)^b	53 (60.2%)	16 (50%)	0.32

Table 1. Clinical Characteristics and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in the Studied Groups

Parameter

Males

Females

P value

^aMann-Whitney U-test. ^bChi-square test. ^cFisher’s exact test. NIDDM: non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; IDDM: insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; SD: standard deviation.

Number (n)

Age, median ± SD (years)^a

57.5 ± 10.4

62 ± 8.12

0.005

History of hypertension (n, %)^b

34 (38.6%)

21 (65.6%)

0.001

NIDDM (n, %)^b

22 (25%)

16 (50%)

0.01

IDDM (n, %)^c

4 (4.5%)

7 (21.8%)

0.008

Smoking (n, %)^c

61 (69.3%)

0 (0%)

< 0.001

Dyslipidemia on admission (n, %)^b

53 (60.2%)

16 (50%)

0.32

**Table 2.** The Incidence of Impaired Coronary Flow and the N/L Ratio in the Studied Groups
Parameter	Males (n = 88)	Females (n = 32)	P value
^aFisher’s exact test. ^bMann-Whitney U-test. N/L: neutrophil to lymphocyte; SD: standard deviation.
Impaired coronary flow (n)^a	10	6	0.363
N/L ratio (median ± SD)^b	5 ± 3.05	6 ± 4.73	0.342

Table 2. The Incidence of Impaired Coronary Flow and the N/L Ratio in the Studied Groups

Parameter

Males (n = 88)

Females (n = 32)

P value

^aFisher’s exact test. ^bMann-Whitney U-test. N/L: neutrophil to lymphocyte; SD: standard deviation.

Impaired coronary flow (n)^a

0.363

N/L ratio (median ± SD)^b

5 ± 3.05

6 ± 4.73

0.342

**Table 3.** The N/L Ratio in Patients With Impaired Coronary Flow Post PPCI
Parameter	Males	Females	P value
^aStudent’s independent samples t-test. PPCI: primary percutaneous coronary intervention; N/L: neutrophil to lymphocyte; SD: standard deviation.
Number	10	6	0.363
N/L ratio (mean ± SD)^a	5.79 ± 1.89	9.35 ± 2.06	0.003

Table 3. The N/L Ratio in Patients With Impaired Coronary Flow Post PPCI

Parameter

Males

Females

P value

^aStudent’s independent samples t-test. PPCI: primary percutaneous coronary intervention; N/L: neutrophil to lymphocyte; SD: standard deviation.

Number

0.363

N/L ratio (mean ± SD)^a

5.79 ± 1.89

9.35 ± 2.06

0.003