Cardiol Res

Cardiology Research, ISSN 1923-2829 print, 1923-2837 online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, Cardiol Res and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website https://www.cardiologyres.org

Original Article

Volume 14, Number 1, February 2023, pages 54-62

The Complexity of Peripheral Arterial Disease and Coronary Artery Disease in Diabetic Patients: An Observational Study

Figure 3. Relation between SYNTAX scores and TASC II classification. TASC II: Trans-Atlantic Inter-Society Consensus II.

Figure 4. Relation between SYNTAX scores IQR and TASC II classification. IQR: interquartile range; TASC II: Trans-Atlantic Inter-Society Consensus II.

**Table 1.** TASC II Classification of Aortoiliac Lesions [6]
AAA: abdominal aortic aneurysm; CFA: common femoral artery; CIA: common iliac artery; EIA: external iliac artery; TASC II: Trans-Atlantic Inter-Society Consensus II.
Type A lesions	Unilateral or bilateral stenoses of CIA Unilateral or bilateral single short (≤ 3 cm) stenosis of EIA
Type B lesions	Short (≤ 3 cm) stenosis of infrarenal aorta Unilateral CIA occlusion Single or multiple stenosis totaling 3 - 10 cm involving the EIA not extending into the CFA Unilateral EIA occlusion not involving the origins of internal iliac or CFA
Type C lesions	Bilateral CIA occlusions Bilateral EIA stenoses 3 - 10 cm long not extending into the CFA Unilateral EIA stenosis extending into the CFA Unilateral EIA occlusion that involves the origins of internal iliac and/or CFA Heavily calcified unilateral EIA occlusion with or without involvement of origins of internal iliac and/or CFA
Type D lesions	Infra-renal aortoiliac occlusion Diffuse disease involving the aorta and both iliac arteries requiring treatment Diffuse multiple stenoses involving the unilateral CIA, EIA and CFA Unilateral occlusions of both CIA and EIA Bilateral occlusions of EIA Iliac stenoses in patients with AAA requiring treatment and not amenable to endograft placement or other lesions requiring open aortic or iliac surgery

Table 1. TASC II Classification of Aortoiliac Lesions [6]

AAA: abdominal aortic aneurysm; CFA: common femoral artery; CIA: common iliac artery; EIA: external iliac artery; TASC II: Trans-Atlantic Inter-Society Consensus II.

Type A lesions

Unilateral or bilateral stenoses of CIA
Unilateral or bilateral single short (≤ 3 cm) stenosis of EIA

Type B lesions

Short (≤ 3 cm) stenosis of infrarenal aorta
Unilateral CIA occlusion
Single or multiple stenosis totaling 3 - 10 cm involving the EIA not extending into the CFA
Unilateral EIA occlusion not involving the origins of internal iliac or CFA

Type C lesions

Bilateral CIA occlusions
Bilateral EIA stenoses 3 - 10 cm long not extending into the CFA
Unilateral EIA stenosis extending into the CFA
Unilateral EIA occlusion that involves the origins of internal iliac and/or CFA
Heavily calcified unilateral EIA occlusion with or without involvement of origins of internal iliac and/or CFA

Type D lesions

Infra-renal aortoiliac occlusion
Diffuse disease involving the aorta and both iliac arteries requiring treatment
Diffuse multiple stenoses involving the unilateral CIA, EIA and CFA
Unilateral occlusions of both CIA and EIA
Bilateral occlusions of EIA
Iliac stenoses in patients with AAA requiring treatment and not amenable to endograft placement or other lesions requiring open aortic or iliac surgery

**Table 2.** TASC II Classification of Femoral Popliteal Lesions [6]
CFA: common femoral artery; SFA: superficial femoral artery; TASC II: Trans-Atlantic Inter-Society Consensus II.
Type A lesions	Single stenosis ≤ 10 cm in length Single occlusion ≤ 5 cm in length
Type B lesions	Multiple lesions (stenoses or occlusions), each ≤ 5 cm Single stenosis or occlusion ≤ 15 cm not involving the infra geniculate popliteal artery Single or multiple lesions in the absence of continuous tibial vessels to improve inflow for a distal bypass Heavily calcified occlusion ≤ 5 cm in length Single popliteal stenosis
Type C lesions	Multiple stenoses or occlusions totaling > 15 cm with or without heavy calcification Recurrent stenoses or occlusions that need treatment after two endovascular interventions
Type D lesions	Chronic total occlusions of CFA or SFA (> 20 cm, involving the popliteal artery) Chronic total occlusion of popliteal artery and proximal trifurcation vessels

Table 2. TASC II Classification of Femoral Popliteal Lesions [6]

CFA: common femoral artery; SFA: superficial femoral artery; TASC II: Trans-Atlantic Inter-Society Consensus II.

Type A lesions

Single stenosis ≤ 10 cm in length
Single occlusion ≤ 5 cm in length

Type B lesions

Multiple lesions (stenoses or occlusions), each ≤ 5 cm
Single stenosis or occlusion ≤ 15 cm not involving the infra geniculate popliteal artery
Single or multiple lesions in the absence of continuous tibial vessels to improve inflow for a distal bypass
Heavily calcified occlusion ≤ 5 cm in length
Single popliteal stenosis

Type C lesions

Multiple stenoses or occlusions totaling > 15 cm with or without heavy calcification
Recurrent stenoses or occlusions that need treatment after two endovascular interventions

Type D lesions

Chronic total occlusions of CFA or SFA (> 20 cm, involving the popliteal artery)
Chronic total occlusion of popliteal artery and proximal trifurcation vessels

**Table 3.** Demographic and Baseline Characteristics
Continuous variables are represented as mean ± SD, and categorical variables as percentages. ABI: ankle brachial index; FH: family history; HbA1c: hemoglobin A1c; HTN: hypertension; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; PAD: peripheral arterial disease; SD: standard deviation.
Males	40 (80%)
Age (years)	62.12 ± 5.71
Smoking	40 (80%)
HTN	42 (84%)
Dyslipidemia	50 (100%)
FH	9 (18%)
Creatinine (mg/dL)	1.03 ± 0.07 0.9 - 1.2
HbA1c (%)	8.47 ± 1.47 6.7 - 12
LDL (mg/dL)	157 ± 15 135 - 200
LVEF (%)	53.6 ± 5.2 40 - 64
ABI	0.8 ± 0.1 0.7 - 1.1
Symptoms for PAD	3 (6%)

Table 3. Demographic and Baseline Characteristics

Continuous variables are represented as mean ± SD, and categorical variables as percentages. ABI: ankle brachial index; FH: family history; HbA1c: hemoglobin A1c; HTN: hypertension; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; PAD: peripheral arterial disease; SD: standard deviation.

Males

40 (80%)

Age (years)

62.12 ± 5.71

Smoking

40 (80%)

HTN

42 (84%)

Dyslipidemia

50 (100%)

9 (18%)

Creatinine (mg/dL)

1.03 ± 0.07
0.9 - 1.2

HbA1c (%)

8.47 ± 1.47
6.7 - 12

LDL (mg/dL)

157 ± 15
135 - 200

LVEF (%)

53.6 ± 5.2
40 - 64

ABI

0.8 ± 0.1
0.7 - 1.1

Symptoms for PAD

3 (6%)

**Table 4.** SYNTAX Versus TASC II Class
SYNTAX	TASC II class	P value
IQR: interquartile range; TASC II: Trans-Atlantic Inter-Society Consensus II.
SYNTAX groups					0.046
Mild	11(91.7%)	10 (71.4%)	3 (27.3%)	6 (46.2%)
Moderate	1 (8.3%)	3 (21.4%)	4 (36.4%)	4 (30.8%)
Severe	0 (0.0%)	1 (7.1%)	4 (36.4%)	3 (23.1%)
SYNTAX score					0.008
Median (IQR)	10.00 (2.5 - 16)	13.50 (10 - 22.5)	26.50 (19 - 36)	19.50 (13 - 27)
Range	1 - 37	5 - 38.5	11 - 54	8 - 67
Post hoc analysis	A vs. B	A vs. C	A vs. D	B vs. C	B vs. D	C vs. D
SYNTAX groups	0.38	0.006	0.044	0.066	0.348	0.612
SYNTAX score	0.31	0.002	0.02	0.022	0.149	0.343

Table 4. SYNTAX Versus TASC II Class

SYNTAX

TASC II class

P value

A (N = 12)

B (N = 14)

C (N = 11)

D (N = 13)

IQR: interquartile range; TASC II: Trans-Atlantic Inter-Society Consensus II.

SYNTAX groups

0.046

Mild

11(91.7%)

10 (71.4%)

3 (27.3%)

6 (46.2%)

Moderate

1 (8.3%)

3 (21.4%)

4 (36.4%)

4 (30.8%)

Severe

0 (0.0%)

1 (7.1%)

4 (36.4%)

3 (23.1%)

SYNTAX score

0.008

Median (IQR)

10.00 (2.5 - 16)

13.50 (10 - 22.5)

26.50 (19 - 36)

19.50 (13 - 27)

Range

1 - 37

5 - 38.5

11 - 54

8 - 67

Post hoc analysis

A vs. B

A vs. C

A vs. D

B vs. C

B vs. D

C vs. D

SYNTAX groups

0.38

0.006

0.044

0.066

0.348

0.612

SYNTAX score

0.31

0.002

0.02

0.022

0.149

0.343

**Table 5.** TASC II Class and ABI
ABI	TASC II	P-value
ABI: ankle brachial index; SD: standard deviation; TASC II: Trans-Atlantic Inter-Society Consensus II.
ABI score					0.001
Mean ± SD	1.03 ± 0.05	0.92 ± 0.05	0.83 ± 0.06	0.81 ± 0.07
Range	1 - 1.1	0.85 - 1.08	0.73 - 0.93	0.7 - 0.87
ABI groups					0.001
Normal	12 (100.0%)	1 (7.1%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)
Borderline	0 (0.0%)	7 (50.0%)	1 (9.1%)	0 (0.0%)
Low	0 (0.0%)	6 (42.9%)	10 (90.9%)	13 (100.0%)
Post hoc analysis	A vs. B	A vs. C	A vs. D	B vs. C	B vs. D	C vs. D
ABI score	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.291
ABI groups	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.044	0.018	0.573

Table 5. TASC II Class and ABI

ABI

TASC II

P-value

A (N = 12)

B (N = 14)

C (N = 11)

D (N = 13)

ABI: ankle brachial index; SD: standard deviation; TASC II: Trans-Atlantic Inter-Society Consensus II.

ABI score

0.001

Mean ± SD

1.03 ± 0.05

0.92 ± 0.05

0.83 ± 0.06

0.81 ± 0.07

Range

1 - 1.1

0.85 - 1.08

0.73 - 0.93

0.7 - 0.87

ABI groups

0.001

Normal

12 (100.0%)

1 (7.1%)

0 (0.0%)

Borderline

0 (0.0%)

7 (50.0%)

1 (9.1%)

0 (0.0%)

Low

0 (0.0%)

6 (42.9%)

10 (90.9%)

13 (100.0%)

Post hoc analysis

A vs. B

A vs. C

A vs. D

B vs. C

B vs. D

C vs. D

ABI score

0.001

0.291

ABI groups

0.001

0.044

0.018

0.573