Cardiol Res

Cardiology Research, ISSN 1923-2829 print, 1923-2837 online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, Cardiol Res and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website https://www.cardiologyres.org

Original Article

Volume 15, Number 4, August 2024, pages 275-280

Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Cerebrovascular Accidents: Impact of COVID-19 Vaccination on Mortality

Figure

Figure 1. Group allocation and study design. STEMI: ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; CVA: cerebrovascular accident; COVID-19: coronavirus disease 2019.

Tables

**Table 1.** Occurrence of STEMI and CVA Events per Group Year
	Pre-COVID-19	COVID-19	Post-COVID-19	Total
^aNot significant associations. ^bSignificant associations. STEMI: ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; CVA: cerebrovascular accident; COVID-19: coronavirus disease 2019.
STEMI	549 (60.9%)^a	585 (59.6%)^a	739 (63.3%)^a	1,873 (61.4%)
CVA	353 (39.1%)^a	396 (40.4%)^a	428 (36.7%)^a	1,177 (38.6%)
Total (n = 3,050)	902	981	1,167	3,050

**Table 2.** Vaccination Rates of Patients Admitted With STEMI or CVA
	Pre-COVID-19	COVID-19	Post-COVID-19	Total
^aValues do not show significant associations, and ^bvalues show significant associations between receiving COVID-19 vaccination and the COVID-19 group year. STEMI: ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; CVA: cerebrovascular accident; COVID-19: coronavirus disease 2019.
Not vaccinated	902 (100%)^a	964 (98.3%)^b	643 (55.1%)^b	2,509 (82.3%)
STEMI	549	578	261
CVA	353	386	382
Vaccinated	0 (0%)^a	17 (1.7%)^b	524 (44.9%)^b	541 (17.7%)
STEMI	0	7	167
CVA	0	10	357

**Table 3.** Predictors for In-Hospital Mortality
Variable	OR	95% CI for OR		P value
Variable	OR	Lower	Upper	P value
^aSignificant predictor for in-hospital mortality. STEMI: ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; CVA: cerebrovascular accident; T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus; OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; COVID-19: coronavirus disease 2019.
STEMI and CVA^a	11.441	6.085	21.512	< 0.001
COVID-19 vaccination^a	0.509	0.28	0.926	0.027
COVID-19 infection^a	2.622	1.276	5.385	0.009
Age^a	1.033	1.017	1.049	< 0.001
Coronary artery disease (CAD)^a	0.445	0.233	0.847	0.014
Atrial fibrillation^a	2.428	1.632	3.611	< 0.001
Hyperlipidemia^a	0.288	0.192	0.434	< 0.001
Chronic heart failure (CHF)^a	1.763	1.195	2.601	0.004
COVID-19 group year				0.052
COVID-19	0.982	0.611	1.576	0.939
Post-COVID-19^a	1.658	1.017	2.705	0.043
T2DM	1.401	0.962	2.041	0.078