Cardiol Res

Cardiology Research, ISSN 1923-2829 print, 1923-2837 online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, Cardiol Res and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website https://www.cardiologyres.org

Original Article

Volume 4, Number 2, April 2013, pages 68-73

Outcome of Successful Versus Unsuccessful Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Chronic Total Occlusions in One Year Follow-Up

**Table 1.** Baseline Clinical Characteristics in the Entire Cohort of Patients
Variable	CTO success (n = 163)	CTO failure (n = 167)	P value
CTO: Coronary total occlusion; PCI: Percutaneous coronary intervention; CABG: Coronary artery bypass graft; LVEF: Left ventricular ejection fraction; NS: not significant.
Age, years	58.20 ± 11.06	59.22 ± 11.26	NS
Male, sex	126 (77.3%)	146 (87.4%)	0.02
Diabetes mellitus	34 (20.9%)	52 (31.1%)	0.04
Hyperlipidemia	54 (31.3%)	59 (35.3%)	NS
Hypertension	69 (42.3%)	89 (53.3%)	0.04
Smoking current	54 (31.3%)	58 (34.7%)	NS
Familial history	24 (14.8%)	33 (19.8%0	NS
Previous Myocardial infarction	68 (41.7%)	78 (47.3%)	NS
Previous PCI	60 (36.8%)	65 (38.9%)	NS
Previous CABG	13 (8%)	19 (11.4%)	NS
Renal insufficiency	2 (1.2%)	4 (2.4%)	NS
Cerebrovascular disease and arrest	1 (0.6%)	2 (1.2%)	NS
Peripheral vascular disease	36 (22.1%)	26 (15.6%)	NS
LVEF < 40%	41 (25.2%)	51 (30.5%)	NS

Table 1. Baseline Clinical Characteristics in the Entire Cohort of Patients

Variable

CTO success (n = 163)

CTO failure (n = 167)

P value

CTO: Coronary total occlusion; PCI: Percutaneous coronary intervention; CABG: Coronary artery bypass graft; LVEF: Left ventricular ejection fraction; NS: not significant.

Age, years

58.20 ± 11.06

59.22 ± 11.26

Male, sex

126 (77.3%)

146 (87.4%)

0.02

Diabetes mellitus

34 (20.9%)

52 (31.1%)

0.04

Hyperlipidemia

54 (31.3%)

59 (35.3%)

Hypertension

69 (42.3%)

89 (53.3%)

0.04

Smoking current

54 (31.3%)

58 (34.7%)

Familial history

24 (14.8%)

33 (19.8%0

Previous Myocardial infarction

68 (41.7%)

78 (47.3%)

Previous PCI

60 (36.8%)

65 (38.9%)

Previous CABG

13 (8%)

19 (11.4%)

Renal insufficiency

2 (1.2%)

4 (2.4%)

Cerebrovascular disease and arrest

1 (0.6%)

2 (1.2%)

Peripheral vascular disease

36 (22.1%)

26 (15.6%)

LVEF < 40%

41 (25.2%)

51 (30.5%)

**Table 2.** Procedural Characteristics According to CTO Success and Failure Groups
Variable	CTO success (n = 163)	CTO failure (n = 167)	P value
CTO: Coronary total occlusion.
Target vessel of intervention, No. (%)			< 0.001
Left anterior descending	98 (60.1%)	60 (35.9%)
Circumflex	26 (16%)	29 (17.4%)
Right coronary artery	39 (23.9%)	78 (46.7%)
Number of diseased vessels, No. (%)			0.005
1	102 (63.4%)	78 (46.7%)
2	40 (24.8%)	51 (30.5%)
3	19 (11.8%)	38 (22.8%)

Table 2. Procedural Characteristics According to CTO Success and Failure Groups

Variable

CTO success (n = 163)

CTO failure (n = 167)

P value

CTO: Coronary total occlusion.

Target vessel of intervention, No. (%)

< 0.001

Left anterior descending

98 (60.1%)

60 (35.9%)

Circumflex

26 (16%)

29 (17.4%)

Right coronary artery

39 (23.9%)

78 (46.7%)

Number of diseased vessels, No. (%)

0.005

102 (63.4%)

78 (46.7%)

40 (24.8%)

51 (30.5%)

19 (11.8%)

38 (22.8%)

**Table 3.** In-Hospital and 12-Months Follow-Up Events in Patients With CTO
Variable	CTO success (n = 163)	CTO failure (n = 167)	P value
CTO: Coronary total occlusion; MACE: Major adverse cardiac evets; NS: not significant.
In-hospital MACE, N (%)	18 (11%)	29 (17.4%)	NS
Cardiac death	1 (0.6%)	2 (1.2%)	NS
Myocardial infarction	2 (1.2%)	4 (2.4%)	NS
Revascularization	16 (9.8%)	23 (13.8%)	NS
Target Vessel	11 (68.8%)	11 (47.8%)
Other vessel	5 (31.2%)	12 (52.2%)
Bleeding	2 (1.2%)	6 (3.6%)	NS
MACE in 12 months	49 (30.1%)	73 (43.7%)	0.01
Cardiac death	2 (1.2%)	0	NS
Non-cardiac death	3 (1.8%)	3 (1.8%)	NS
Myocardial infarction	12 (7.4%)	12 (7.2%)	NS
Revascularization	41 (25.2%)	69 (41.3%)	0.002
Target Vessel	26 (63.4%)	41 (59.4%)
Other vessel	15 (36.6%)	28 (40.6%)

Table 3. In-Hospital and 12-Months Follow-Up Events in Patients With CTO

Variable

CTO success (n = 163)

CTO failure (n = 167)

P value

CTO: Coronary total occlusion; MACE: Major adverse cardiac evets; NS: not significant.

In-hospital MACE, N (%)

18 (11%)

29 (17.4%)

Cardiac death

1 (0.6%)

2 (1.2%)

Myocardial infarction

2 (1.2%)

4 (2.4%)

Revascularization

16 (9.8%)

23 (13.8%)

Target Vessel

11 (68.8%)

11 (47.8%)

Other vessel

5 (31.2%)

12 (52.2%)

Bleeding

2 (1.2%)

6 (3.6%)

MACE in 12 months

49 (30.1%)

73 (43.7%)

0.01

Cardiac death

2 (1.2%)

Non-cardiac death

3 (1.8%)

Myocardial infarction

12 (7.4%)

12 (7.2%)

Revascularization

41 (25.2%)

69 (41.3%)

0.002

Target Vessel

26 (63.4%)

41 (59.4%)

Other vessel

15 (36.6%)

28 (40.6%)