Cardiol Res

Cardiology Research, ISSN 1923-2829 print, 1923-2837 online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, Cardiol Res and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website https://www.cardiologyres.org

Original Article

Volume 7, Number 6, December 2016, pages 196-201

Chlorthalidone Plus Amiloride Reduces the Central Systolic Blood Pressure in Stage 1 Hypertension Patients

Figure 1. Research design. CSBP: central systolic blood pressure; AIx 75: augmentation index 75 beats/min.

Figure 2. Central systolic blood pressure and augmentation index at before and after treatment with chlortalidone 25 mg plus amiloride 5 mg (q.d.) in the HTN-1 group. CSBP: central systolic blood pressure; AIx 75: augmentation index corrected for average heart rate of 75 beats/min; HTN-1: stage 1 hypertension.

Figure 3. Central systolic blood pressure and augmentation index at baseline and after treatment with losartan 50 mg (b.i.d.) in the HTN-1 patients. CSBP: central systolic blood pressure; AIx 75: augmentation index corrected for average heart rate of 75 beats/min; HTN-1: stage 1 hypertension.

**Table 1.** Demographic and Anthropometric Characteristics of the HTN-1 Patients
	Chlortalidone/amiloride	Losartan
Values are expressed as mean ± SD. *P < 0.05. Chlortalidone 25 mg/amiloride 5 mg (q.d.). Losartan 50 mg (b.i.d.). HTN-1: stage 1 hypertension; BMI: body mass index.
Age (years)	54.6 ± 7.1	54.4 ± 7.9
Gender: F/M	11/14	16/9
Height (m)	1.64 ± 0.1	1.63 ± 0.1
Weight (kg)	80.0 ± 18.1	80.0 ± 18.3
BMI (kg/m²)	29.5 ± 5.9	29.6 ± 4.8
N	25	25

Table 1. Demographic and Anthropometric Characteristics of the HTN-1 Patients

Chlortalidone/amiloride

Losartan

Values are expressed as mean ± SD. *P < 0.05. Chlortalidone 25 mg/amiloride 5 mg (q.d.). Losartan 50 mg (b.i.d.). HTN-1: stage 1 hypertension; BMI: body mass index.

Age (years)

54.6 ± 7.1

54.4 ± 7.9

Gender: F/M

11/14

16/9

Height (m)

1.64 ± 0.1

1.63 ± 0.1

Weight (kg)

80.0 ± 18.1

80.0 ± 18.3

BMI (kg/m²)

29.5 ± 5.9

29.6 ± 4.8

**Table 2.** Characteristics of Hemodynamic HTN-1 Patients Before and After 6 Months of Treatment With Chlortalidone 25 mg/Amiloride 5 mg (q.d.) or Losartan 50 mg (b.i.d.)
	Chlortalidone/amiloride	Losartan
Values are expressed as mean ± SD. HTN-1: stage 1 hypertension; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; MAP: mean arterial pressure; PP: pulse pressure; HR: heart rate.
SBP (mm Hg)	143.4 ± 3.0	127.0 ± 7.3	< 0.0001	143.3 ± 4.5	127.3 ± 10.7	< 0.0001
DBP (mm Hg)	93.4 ± 2.8	83.04 ± 5.1	< 0.0001	93.2 ± 2.9	81.0 ± 7.1	< 0.0001
MAP (mm Hg)	110.2 ± 2.4	97.8 ± 4.6	< 0.0001	109.9 ± 2.1	96.5 ± 7.6	< 0.0001
PP (mm Hg)	50.0 ± 3.5	43.9 ± 7.9	0.0007	50.4 ± 6.0	46.3 ± 7.8	0.0584
HR (bpm)	77.1 ± 12.8	77.3 ± 13.3	NS	71.8 ± 11.0	73.6 ± 9.4	NS
N	25	25

Table 2. Characteristics of Hemodynamic HTN-1 Patients Before and After 6 Months of Treatment With Chlortalidone 25 mg/Amiloride 5 mg (q.d.) or Losartan 50 mg (b.i.d.)

Chlortalidone/amiloride

Losartan

Baseline

6 months

P value

Baseline

6 months

P value

Values are expressed as mean ± SD. HTN-1: stage 1 hypertension; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; MAP: mean arterial pressure; PP: pulse pressure; HR: heart rate.

SBP (mm Hg)

143.4 ± 3.0

127.0 ± 7.3

< 0.0001

143.3 ± 4.5

127.3 ± 10.7

< 0.0001

DBP (mm Hg)

93.4 ± 2.8

83.04 ± 5.1

< 0.0001

93.2 ± 2.9

81.0 ± 7.1

< 0.0001

MAP (mm Hg)

110.2 ± 2.4

97.8 ± 4.6

< 0.0001

109.9 ± 2.1

96.5 ± 7.6

< 0.0001

PP (mm Hg)

50.0 ± 3.5

43.9 ± 7.9

0.0007

50.4 ± 6.0

46.3 ± 7.8

0.0584

HR (bpm)

77.1 ± 12.8

77.3 ± 13.3

71.8 ± 11.0

73.6 ± 9.4

**Table 3.** Biochemical Values of HTN-1 Patients
	Chlortalidone/amiloride	Losartan
Values are expressed as mean ± SD. *P < 0.05. Chlortalidone 25 mg/amiloride 5 mg (q.d.). Losartan 50 mg (b.i.d.). HTN-1: stage 1 hypertension; LDL-c: low-density lipoprotein fraction; HDLc: high-density lipoprotein fraction; GFR-e: estimated glomerular filtration rate.
Glycemia (mg/dL)	132.9 ± 93.85	97.0 ± 33.8*
Glycated hemoglobin (mg/dL)	7.02 ± 2.37	5.7 ± 1.0*
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	206.9 ± 44.61	217.1 ± 33.6
LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)	119.7 ± 34.92	127.0 ± 34.5
HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)	51.47 ± 15.37	49.6 ± 14.0
Triglycerides (mg/dL)	178.0 ± 88.69	201.6 ± 93.5*
Creatinine (mg/dL)	0.95 ± 0.22	1.12 ± 0.9
eGFR (MDRD)	81.67 ± 16.69	78.3 ± 28.1
Microalbuminuria (mg/24 h)	14.67 ± 11.60	10.4 ± 8.6
Potassium (mEq/L)	4.04 ± 0.49	4.3 ± 0.29
Uric acid (mg/dL)	6.08 ± 2.14	5.9 ± 1.3
N	25	25

Table 3. Biochemical Values of HTN-1 Patients

Chlortalidone/amiloride

Losartan

Values are expressed as mean ± SD. *P < 0.05. Chlortalidone 25 mg/amiloride 5 mg (q.d.). Losartan 50 mg (b.i.d.). HTN-1: stage 1 hypertension; LDL-c: low-density lipoprotein fraction; HDLc: high-density lipoprotein fraction; GFR-e: estimated glomerular filtration rate.

Glycemia (mg/dL)

132.9 ± 93.85

97.0 ± 33.8*

Glycated hemoglobin (mg/dL)

7.02 ± 2.37

5.7 ± 1.0*

Total cholesterol (mg/dL)

206.9 ± 44.61

217.1 ± 33.6

LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)

119.7 ± 34.92

127.0 ± 34.5

HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)

51.47 ± 15.37

49.6 ± 14.0

Triglycerides (mg/dL)

178.0 ± 88.69

201.6 ± 93.5*

Creatinine (mg/dL)

0.95 ± 0.22

1.12 ± 0.9

eGFR (MDRD)

81.67 ± 16.69

78.3 ± 28.1

Microalbuminuria (mg/24 h)

14.67 ± 11.60

10.4 ± 8.6

Potassium (mEq/L)

4.04 ± 0.49

4.3 ± 0.29

Uric acid (mg/dL)

6.08 ± 2.14

5.9 ± 1.3

**Table 4.** Chlortalidone 25 mg/Amiloride 5 mg (q.d.) or Losartan 50 mg (b.i.d.), Central Systolic Blood Pressure, and AIx 75 of HTN-1 Group
	Chlortalidone/amiloride	Losartan
CSBP: central systolic blood pressure; AIx 75: augmentation index corrected for average heart rate of 75 bpm; HTN-1: stage 1 hypertension. Values are expressed as mean ± SD, Standard deviation; 95% CI: 95% confidence interval. *P = 0.0103. ^#P = 0.0289.
Baseline
CBP, mm Hg	123.3	14.2	117.4 - 129.1	120.5	16.7	113.6 - 127.4
AIx 75	87.7	9.6	83.7 - 91.6	91.2	8.7	87.7 - 94.9
6 months
CBP, mm Hg	113.4*	11.4	108.9 - 118.2	118.4	10.6	114.1 - 122.8
AIx 75	83.8^#	8.9	80.1 - 87.4	87.6	6.8	84.8 - 90.4

Table 4. Chlortalidone 25 mg/Amiloride 5 mg (q.d.) or Losartan 50 mg (b.i.d.), Central Systolic Blood Pressure, and AIx 75 of HTN-1 Group

Chlortalidone/amiloride

Losartan

Mean

95% CI

Mean

95% CI

CSBP: central systolic blood pressure; AIx 75: augmentation index corrected for average heart rate of 75 bpm; HTN-1: stage 1 hypertension. Values are expressed as mean ± SD, Standard deviation; 95% CI: 95% confidence interval. *P = 0.0103. ^#P = 0.0289.

Baseline

CBP, mm Hg

123.3

14.2

117.4 - 129.1

120.5

16.7

113.6 - 127.4

AIx 75

87.7

9.6

83.7 - 91.6

91.2

8.7

87.7 - 94.9

6 months

CBP, mm Hg

113.4*

11.4

108.9 - 118.2

118.4

10.6

114.1 - 122.8

AIx 75

83.8^#

8.9

80.1 - 87.4

87.6

6.8

84.8 - 90.4