Cardiol Res

Cardiology Research, ISSN 1923-2829 print, 1923-2837 online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, Cardiol Res and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website https://www.cardiologyres.org

Original Article

Volume 8, Number 5, October 2017, pages 199-205

In-Hospital Clinical Outcomes and Procedural Complications of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Elderly Patients

**Table 1.** Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patients Separately in the Two Age Groups
Variables	Total	Age < 70 years	Age ≥ 70 years	P-value
Number	468	374 (79.9%)	94 (20.1%)	-
Mean age	60.01 ± 10.84	55.93 ± 7.64	76.28 ± 4.59	< 0.0001
Male	290 (62%)	421 (64.4%)	49 (52.1%)	0.028
Blood pressure	349 (74.69%)	276 (74.0%)	73 (77.7%)	0.465
Dyslipidemia	261 (55.8%)	215 (57.6%)	46 (48.9%)	0.129
Diabetes	189 (40.4%)	153 (41.0%)	36 (38.3%)	0.631
Chronic renal failure	53 (11.3%)	30 (8.0%)	23 (24.5%)	< 0.0001
Smoking (current or previously)	169 (36.3%)	144 (38.5%)	25 (26.6%)	0.041
History of ICH	1 (0.2%)	0.00	1 (1.1%)	0.201
History of CVA	9 (1.9%)	8 (2.1%)	1 (1.1%)	0.695
History of MI	88 (18.8%)	70 (18.7%)	18 (19.1%)	0.924
History of PCI	50 (10.7%)	41 (11.0%)	9 (9.6%)	0.697
History of CABG	17 (3.6%)	15 (4.0%)	2 (2.1%)	0.544
Heart failure	32 (6.8%)	20 (5.3%)	12 (12.8%)	0.011
Atrial fibrillation	8 (1.7%)	5 (1.3%)	3 (3.2%)	0.204
Cardiogenic shock	5 (1.1%)	5 (1.3%)	0.00	0.588
LVEF	46.98 ± 10.17	47.62 ± 9.82	44.41 ± 11.18	0.080
Left ventricular dysfunction	105 (22.4%)	75 (20.1%)	30 (31.9%)	0.014

Table 1. Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patients Separately in the Two Age Groups

Variables

Total

Age < 70 years

Age ≥ 70 years

P-value

Number

468

374 (79.9%)

94 (20.1%)

Mean age

60.01 ± 10.84

55.93 ± 7.64

76.28 ± 4.59

< 0.0001

Male

290 (62%)

421 (64.4%)

49 (52.1%)

0.028

Blood pressure

349 (74.69%)

276 (74.0%)

73 (77.7%)

0.465

Dyslipidemia

261 (55.8%)

215 (57.6%)

46 (48.9%)

0.129

Diabetes

189 (40.4%)

153 (41.0%)

36 (38.3%)

0.631

Chronic renal failure

53 (11.3%)

30 (8.0%)

23 (24.5%)

< 0.0001

Smoking (current or previously)

169 (36.3%)

144 (38.5%)

25 (26.6%)

0.041

History of ICH

1 (0.2%)

0.00

1 (1.1%)

0.201

History of CVA

9 (1.9%)

8 (2.1%)

1 (1.1%)

0.695

History of MI

88 (18.8%)

70 (18.7%)

18 (19.1%)

0.924

History of PCI

50 (10.7%)

41 (11.0%)

9 (9.6%)

0.697

History of CABG

17 (3.6%)

15 (4.0%)

2 (2.1%)

0.544

Heart failure

32 (6.8%)

20 (5.3%)

12 (12.8%)

0.011

Atrial fibrillation

8 (1.7%)

5 (1.3%)

3 (3.2%)

0.204

Cardiogenic shock

5 (1.1%)

5 (1.3%)

0.00

0.588

LVEF

46.98 ± 10.17

47.62 ± 9.82

44.41 ± 11.18

0.080

Left ventricular dysfunction

105 (22.4%)

75 (20.1%)

30 (31.9%)

0.014

**Table 2.** Manifestations of the Coronary Artery Disease and Method for Performing PCI
Variable	Total	Age < 70 years	Age ≥ 70 years	P-value
Acute coronary syndrome	282 (60.3%)	218 (58.3%)	64 (68.1%)	-
Unstable angina	126 (26.9%)	96 (25.7%)	30 (31.9%)
NSTEM	71 (15.2%)	57 (15.2%)	14 (14.9%)	0.316
STEM	85 (18.2%)	65 (17.4%)	20 (21.3%)
Stable angina	186 (39.7%)	156 (41.7%)	30 (31.9%)
SVD	301 (64.3)	251 (67.1%)	50 (53.2%)
2VD	124 (26.5)	93 (24.9%)	31 (33.0%)	0.032
3VD	43 (9.2%)	30 (8.0%)	13 (13.8%)
PCI method	-	-	-
DES use	461 (98.5%)	370 (98.9%)	91 (96.8%)	0.148
BMS use	7 (1.5%)	4 (1.1%)	3 (3.2%)

Table 2. Manifestations of the Coronary Artery Disease and Method for Performing PCI

Variable

Total

Age < 70 years

Age ≥ 70 years

P-value

Acute coronary syndrome

282 (60.3%)

218 (58.3%)

64 (68.1%)

Unstable angina

126 (26.9%)

96 (25.7%)

30 (31.9%)

NSTEM

71 (15.2%)

57 (15.2%)

14 (14.9%)

0.316

STEM

85 (18.2%)

65 (17.4%)

20 (21.3%)

Stable angina

186 (39.7%)

156 (41.7%)

30 (31.9%)

SVD

301 (64.3)

251 (67.1%)

50 (53.2%)

2VD

124 (26.5)

93 (24.9%)

31 (33.0%)

0.032

3VD

43 (9.2%)

30 (8.0%)

13 (13.8%)

PCI method

DES use

461 (98.5%)

370 (98.9%)

91 (96.8%)

0.148

BMS use

7 (1.5%)

4 (1.1%)

3 (3.2%)

**Table 3.** Complications After PCI During Hospitalization
Variables	Total	Age < 70 years	Age ≥ 70 years	P-value
Uncomplicated	455 (97.2%)	371 (99.2%)	84 (89.4%)
Long hospitalization	5 (1.1%)	0.00	5 (5.3%)	0.0001
Contrast-induced kidney damage	5 (1.1%)	2 (0.5%)	3 (3.2%)
ACS	1 (0.2%)	0.00	1 (1.1%)
Emergency revascularization with CABG	1 (0.2%)	1 (0.3%)	0.00
Occurrence of death for any cause	1 (0.2%)	0.00	1 (1.1%)

Table 3. Complications After PCI During Hospitalization

Variables

Total

Age < 70 years

Age ≥ 70 years

P-value

Uncomplicated

455 (97.2%)

371 (99.2%)

84 (89.4%)

Long hospitalization

5 (1.1%)

0.00

5 (5.3%)

0.0001

Contrast-induced kidney damage

5 (1.1%)

2 (0.5%)

3 (3.2%)

ACS

1 (0.2%)

0.00

1 (1.1%)

Emergency revascularization with CABG

1 (0.2%)

1 (0.3%)

0.00

Occurrence of death for any cause

1 (0.2%)

0.00

1 (1.1%)

**Table 4.** Multivariate Logistic Correlation Test for Practical Success of PCI
Variables	OR	95% CI	P-value
Aging (+70)	0.00	0.00	0.999
Male	0.37	0.03 - 3.93	0.416
Dyslipidemia	2.81	0.23 - 34.02	0.416
Hypertension	1.87	0.21 - 16.41	0.571
Diabetes mellitus	0.81	0.10 - 6.06	0.838
History of CVA	0.74	0.00 - 54.39	0.621
Smoking	3.71	0.28 - 47.94	0.315
History of MI	0.84	0.17 - 3.98	0.827
Arterial fibrillation	0.02	0.00 - 0.54	0.018
Heart failure	0.98	0.00 - 3.13	0.205
Multi-vessel coronary disease	1.33	0.23 - 5.27	0.883
LV dysfunction	4.14	0.17 - 9.99	0.381

Table 4. Multivariate Logistic Correlation Test for Practical Success of PCI

Variables

95% CI

P-value

Aging (+70)

0.00

0.999

Male

0.37

0.03 - 3.93

0.416

Dyslipidemia

2.81

0.23 - 34.02

0.416

Hypertension

1.87

0.21 - 16.41

0.571

Diabetes mellitus

0.81

0.10 - 6.06

0.838

History of CVA

0.74

0.00 - 54.39

0.621

Smoking

3.71

0.28 - 47.94

0.315

History of MI

0.84

0.17 - 3.98

0.827

Arterial fibrillation

0.02

0.00 - 0.54

0.018

Heart failure

0.98

0.00 - 3.13

0.205

Multi-vessel coronary disease

1.33

0.23 - 5.27

0.883

LV dysfunction

4.14

0.17 - 9.99

0.381

**Table 5.** Results of Spearman Correlation Test of the Relationship of Each Variable With the Practical PCI Success
Variable	Pearson’s correlation coefficient (rs)	P-value
Age (< 70 vs. ≥ 70)	0.132	0.004
Age (< 70 vs. ≥ 75)	0.190	0.000
Male gender	0.011	0.812
ACS	0.011	0.815
Cardiogenic shock	0.012	0.798
Dyslipidemia	0.014	0.771
Hypertension	0.021	0.648
Diabetes mellitus	0.022	0.633
Chronic kidney injury	0.041	0.379
Smoking	0.046	0.319
History of MI	0.006	0.893
History of CVI	0.122	0.008
History of ICH	0.005	0.909
Heart failure	0.120	0.010
Arterial fibrillation	0.278	0.000
LV dysfunction	0.030	0.521
History of PCI	0.039	0.395
History of CBAG	0.022	0.633
Injured coronary artery	0.037	0.430
PCI approach	0.014	0.762

Table 5. Results of Spearman Correlation Test of the Relationship of Each Variable With the Practical PCI Success

Variable

Pearson’s correlation coefficient (rs)

P-value

Age (< 70 vs. ≥ 70)

0.132

0.004

Age (< 70 vs. ≥ 75)

0.190

0.000

Male gender

0.011

0.812

ACS

0.011

0.815

Cardiogenic shock

0.012

0.798

Dyslipidemia

0.014

0.771

Hypertension

0.021

0.648

Diabetes mellitus

0.022

0.633

Chronic kidney injury

0.041

0.379

Smoking

0.046

0.319

History of MI

0.006

0.893

History of CVI

0.122

0.008

History of ICH

0.005

0.909

Heart failure

0.120

0.010

Arterial fibrillation

0.278

0.000

LV dysfunction

0.030

0.521

History of PCI

0.039

0.395

History of CBAG

0.022

0.633

Injured coronary artery

0.037

0.430

PCI approach

0.014

0.762