| Cardiology Research, ISSN 1923-2829 print, 1923-2837 online, Open Access |
| Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, Cardiol Res and Elmer Press Inc |
| Journal website https://www.cardiologyres.org |
Case Report
Volume 9, Number 1, February 2018, pages 53-58
Successful Surgical Repair and Perioperative Management of 6-Month-Old With Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return in a Developing Country: Considerations for the Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension
Table
| 1. Correct hypoxemia and hypercarbia |
| 2. Administer 100% oxygen |
| 3. Hyperventilation |
| 4. Maintain normothermia |
| 5. Alkalization with the administration of sodium bicarbonate |
| 6. Treat noxious stimuli by deepening the level of anesthesia or administering opioids such as fentanyl |
| 7. After sedation and analgesia, provide neuromuscular blockade |
| 8. Support cardiac output by administering fluid or inotropic agents |
| Vasopressin is preferable to adrenergic agents to increase mean arterial pressure without raising pulmonary artery pressure |
| 9. Pharmacologic therapies |
| Nitric oxide |
| Increase intracellular cyclic GMP by inhibiting phosphodiesterase 5 |
| Milrinone |
| Sildenafil (PR or NG) |
| Augment prostaglandin G2 (prostacyclin) system (systemic or inhaled) |
| Epoprostenol (Flolan®) |
| Treprostinil (Remodulin®) |
| Inhibit endothelin system |
| Bosentan |
| Miscellaneous agents |
| Nesiritide |
| levosimendan |