In-Hospital and One-Year Outcomes of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients Requiring Supplemental Home Oxygen Use

Abstract

Background: There have been limited reports with inconsistent results on the impact of long-term use of oxygen therapry (LTOT) in patients treated with transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).

Methods: We compared in-hospital and intermediate TAVR outcomes in 150 patients requiring LTOT (home O₂ cohort) with 2,313 non-home O₂ patients.

Results: Home O₂ patients were younger, and had more comorbidities including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), diabetes, carotid artery disease, lower forced expiratory volume (FEV₁) (50.321.1% vs. 75.024.7%, P < 0.001), and lower diffusion capacity (DLCO, 48.619.2% vs. 74.622.4%, P < 0.001). These differences represented higher baseline Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) risk score (15.510.2% vs. 9.37.0%, P < 0.001) and lower pre-procedure Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ-12) scores (32.5 22.2 vs. 49.1 25.4, P < 0.001). The home O₂ cohort required higher use of alternative TAVR vascular access (24.0% vs. 12.8%, P = 0.002) and general anesthesia (51.3% vs. 36.0%, P < 0.001). Compared to non-home O₂ patients, home O₂ patients showed increased in-hospital mortality (5.3% vs. 1.6%, P = 0.001), procedural cardiac arrest (4.7% vs. 1.0%, P < 0.001), and postoperative atrial fibrillation (4.0% vs. 1.5%, P = 0.013). At 1-year follow-up, the home O₂ cohort had a higher all-cause mortality (17.3% vs. 7.5%, P < 0.001) and lower KCCQ-12 scores (69.5 23.8 vs. 82.1 19.4, P < 0.001). Kaplan-Meir analysis revealed a lower survival rate in the home O₂ cohort with an overall mean (95% confidence interval (CI)) survival time of 6.2 (5.9 - 6.5) years (P < 0.001).

Conclusion: Home O₂ patients represent a high-risk TAVR cohort with increased in-hospital morbidity and mortality, less improvement in 1-year KCCQ-12, and increased mortality at intermediate follow-up.

Cardiol Res. 2023;14(3):228-236
doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/cr1497