Disparity in the Under-Utilization of Novel P2Y12 Inhibitors in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Abstract

Background: The most recent guidelines (European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA)) all favor prasugrel/ticagrelor over clopidogrel in the setting of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). We therefore sought to investigate which P2Y12 inhibitors were being prescribed in our community hospital setting upon discharge among patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the setting of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Methods: We identified patients presenting to two Metro Detroit Michigan hospitals with STEMI between January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2021 using the Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan Cardiovascular Consortium (BMC2) PCI registry. The primary outcome was the choice of P2Y12 inhibitor prescribed on day of discharge following hospitalization for STEMI, and baseline characteristics were compared including race, sex and type of insurance.

Results: A total of 366 patients presented to these two Metro Detroit hospitals from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2021. Female and non-White patients were more likely to be discharged on clopidogrel than ticagrelor or prasugrel (odds ratio (OR): 1.56, confidence interval (CI): 0.99 - 2.45, and OR: 1.43, CI: 0.91 - 2.25, respectively), however, did not reach statistical significance. Patients without private insurance presenting with STEMI were more likely to be discharged on clopidogrel (OR: 1.83, CI: 1.22 - 2.74), which did reach statistical significance in our cohort.

Conclusions: In this retrospective single-center study evaluating BMC2 registry, we demonstrate a clinically significant disparity in prescribing patterns based on insurance, with trends for disparity based on gender and ethnicity.

Cardiol Res. 2024;15(3):129-133
doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/cr1528