Cardiac Troponin-I and COVID-19: A Prognostic Tool for In-Hospital Mortality

Baher AL Abbasi, Pedro Torres, Fergie Ramos-Tuarez, Nakeya Dewaswala, Ahmed Abdallah, Kai Chen, Mohamed Abdul Qader, Riya Job, Samar Aboulenain, Karolina Dziadkowiec, Huzefa Bhopalwala, Jesus E. Pino, Robert D. Chait

Abstract


Background: The number of fatalities due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is escalating with more than 800,000 deaths globally. The scientific community remains in urgent need of prognostic tools to determine the probability of survival in patients with COVID-19 and to determine the need for hospitalization.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of patients with a diagnosis of COVID-19 admitted to a tertiary center between March 2020 and July 2020. Patients age 18 years and older were stratified into two groups based on their troponin-I level in the first 24 h of admission (groups: elevated vs. normal). The aim of the study is to explore the utility of cardiac troponin-I level for early prognostication of patients with COVID-19.

Results: This cohort of 257 patients included 122/257 (47%) women with a mean age of 63 17 years. Patients with an elevated troponin-I level were more likely to be older (77 13 vs. 58 16 years, P < 0.0001), have a history of hypertension (P < 0.0001), diabetes mellitus (P = 0.0019), atrial fibrillation or flutter (P = 0.0009), coronary artery disease (P < 0.0001), and chronic heart failure (P = 0.0011). Patients with an elevated troponin-I level in the first 24 h of admission were more likely to have higher in-hospital mortality (52% vs. 10%, P < 0.0001). Troponin-I level in the first 24 h of admission had a negative predictive value of 89.7% and a positive predictive value of 51.9% for all-cause in-hospital mortality.

Conclusions: Troponin-I elevation is commonly seen in patients with COVID-19 and is significantly associated with fatal outcomes. However, a normal troponin-I level in the first 24 h of admission had a high negative predictive value for all-cause in-hospital mortality, thereby predicting favorable survival at the time of discharge.




Cardiol Res. 2020;11(6):398-404
doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/cr1159

Keywords


SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; Mortality; Troponin-I; Myocardial injury; Cardiovascular medicine

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